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An important goal of modern public health initiatives is to vaccinate people all over the world against diseases such as smallpox, polio, and influenza. However, even with increasingly sophisticated medical technology, 4.3 million deaths worldwide are still caused by vaccine preventable diseases each year. The availability of vaccine refrigerators in developing countries is vital for maintaining the shelf life of vaccines and some medicines, such as liquid antibiotics. However, many regions of the world are either off the electrical grid or have an unstable electrical supply. Under such circumstances, maintaining vaccines at the required temperatures to prevent damage is problematic. Currently, vaccines are carried all over the world in a process called the Cold Chain (see the illustration below)

Vaccines are transported to national health care centers by air, then trucked to local health care centers where they are stored in vaccine refrigerators. Finally, they are carried out to remote, off grid areas by health care workers to be used in vaccinating people. Because of poor temperature regulation, 75-83% of the total wastage of vaccines occur in the vaccine carrier stage. This is the need that the VacPac addresses, a reliable way of transporting vaccines to remote areas while minimizing wastage.

With the Vac-Pac, large amounts of vaccines will no longer be spoiled due to the inability to keep them cold. With this product we intend to drastically reduce the amount of people who succumb to vaccine-preventable disease. This product is designed specifically for portability and can also be a great new tool for disaster relief efforts, organ transportation, and other temperature-dependent functions. The Vac-Pac is, therefore, capable of saving and affecting millions of people worldwide.

This product is already designed, built and working. The basis for this product is a stirling engine refrigerator, a commercially available refrigeration product. This refrigerator provides the cooling energy for the Vac-Pac, which then uses fans to take advantage of forced convection, maintaining the vaccine temperature within the range of 2-8 degrees Celsius. Temperature information is monitored and displayed by an onboard temperature controller. The vaccines are insulated with about 1.5 inches of foam to reduce the power needed to keep the vaccines cool. All of the preceding functions are battery-powered; the type of battery used is dependent on the user's needs. The Vac-Pac can accommodate many rechargeable types of batteries, ranging from lead-acid to lithium ion; the battery only needs to supply 12 volts and be able to source a max of 5 amps. All of this equipment is braced on a rugged and sturdy hollow aircraft aluminum frame, which is attached to a hiking backpack padding, frame, and straps to provide a comfortable and well-supported carrying experience. The true advantage of the Vac-Pac is its ability to support various forms of charging and operating conditions including directly from batteries, a car using the cigarette lighter, solar panels, a portable generator, and also an electrical grid. Medical personnel no longer need to worry about carrying ice and phase change material or what to do when the energy from those sources is consumed.

patent pending